Degradation of dibutyl phthalate by halotolerant strain Pseudarthrobacter sp. NKDBFgelt

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Abstract

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is the di-n-butyl ester of ortho-phthalic acid, widely used in the chemical industry as a plasticizer and is a common environmental pollutant. The ability of the halotolerant strain Pseudarthrobacter sp. NKDBFgelt (VKM Ac-3035) isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a salt mining area (Perm Krai, Russia) to use DBP as the sole source of carbon and energy was studied. The strain NKDBFgelt was capable of growth on DBP and ortho-phthalic acid (PA) at high salinity (up to 30 g/L and 50 g/L NaCl, respectively), as well as growth on DBP at a high concentration — up to 9 g/L. The strain degraded 75.2% DBP (initial concentration 200 mg/L DBP) by 72 h of cultivation in the absence of salt. With increased salinity of the medium (30–70 g/l NaCl), DBP degradation was recorded at a level of 66.95–27.8%. Analysis of the genome of the strain NKDBFgelt revealed clusters of genes involved in the degradation of DBP, PA, benzoic acid, as well as genes encoding enzymes of the main degradation pathways of aromatic compounds. The halotolerant strain Pseudarthrobacter sp. NKDBFgelt has a high degradative potential and is promising in the development of new biotechnologies for the restoration of soils contaminated with phthalic acid esters.

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About the authors

O. V. Yastrebova

Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: olyastr@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Perm, 614081

A. A. Pyankova

Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: olyastr@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Perm, 614081

A. V. Nazarov

Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: olyastr@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Perm, 614081

Yu. I. Nechaeva

Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: olyastr@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Perm, 614081

E. S. Korsakova

Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: olyastr@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Perm, 614081

E. G. Plotnikova

Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: olyastr@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Perm, 614081

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Growth of the NKDBFgelt strain in MSR with different concentrations of DBP (g/l): 1 — 1.0; 2 — 3.0; 3 — 5; 4 — 7.0; 5 — 9.0.

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3. Fig. 2. Growth of the NKDBFgelt strain in BSR with different NaCl concentrations (g/l): 1 — without NaCl; 2 — 70; 3 — 90; 4 — 100; 5 — 110; 6 — 120.

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4. Fig. 3. Growth of the NKDBFgelt strain in MSR with OFC with different NaCl concentrations (g/l): 1 — without NaCl; 2 — 30; 3 — 50; 4 — 70.

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5. Fig. 4. Decomposition of DBP (%, 1–4) and OFA content (mg/L, 1′–4′) in the medium during cultivation of the NKDBFgelt strain at different NaCl concentrations: 1, 1′ — without NaCl; 2, 2′ — 30; 3, 3′ — 50; 4, 4′ — 70 g/L.

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6. Fig. 5. Scheme of the proposed degradation pathway of dibutyl phthalate by the strain Pseudarthrobacter sp. NKDBFgelt.

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7. Fig. 6. Clusters of genes key for DBP degradation in the genome of Pseudarthrobacter sp. NKDBFgelt.

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8. Fig. 7. Comparative analysis of pht-clusters of genes of strains Arthrobacter keyseri 12B (a), Pseudarthrobacter sp. NKDBFgelt (b), Pseudarthrobacter defluvii E5 (c), Arthrobacter sp. 68b (d).

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