Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of Solid Oxide Electrolyte and Electrode Materials for Medium Temperature Fuel Cells

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Abstract

Finely dispersed СeO2–Nd2O3 and Gd2O3–La2O3–SrO–Ni(Co)2O3–δ mesoporous powders are synthesized by co-crystallization of the corresponding nitrates solutions with ultrasonic treatment and used to prepare nanoceramic materials with a fluorite-like, orthorhombic perovskite and tetragonal perovskite crystal structures respectively with CSR ~ 55–90 нм (1300ºC). The study of physicochemical properties of the obtained ceramic materials revealed an open porosity 7–11% for СeO2–Nd2O3 and 17–42% for Gd2O3–La2O3–SrO–Ni(Co)2O3–ä. Cerium oxide-based materials possess a predominantly ionic electrical conductivity with σ700ºС = 0.31 · 10–2 S/cm (ion transfer number ti = 0.71–0.89 in the temperature range 300–700°C) due to the formation of mobile oxygen vacancies at heterovalent substitution of Nd3+ for Се4+. Solid solutions based on lanthanum nickelate and cobaltite feature a mixed electronic-ionic conductivity with σ700°С = 0.59 ∙ 10–1 S/cm with the electron and ion transfer numbers te = 0.92–0.99 and ti = 0.08–0.01. The obtained ceramic materials are shown to be promising as solid oxide electrolyrtes and electrodes for medium temperature fuel cells.

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About the authors

M. V. Kalinina

Institute of Silicate Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: tikhonov_p-a@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

I. G. Polyakova

Institute of Silicate Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: tikhonov_p-a@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

S. V. Mjakin

Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology; Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: tikhonov_p-a@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg; Saint Petersburg

T. V. Khamova

Institute of Silicate Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: tikhonov_p-a@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

L. N. Efimova

Institute of Silicate Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: tikhonov_p-a@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

I. Yu. Kruchinina

Institute of Silicate Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences; LETI Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University

Email: tikhonov_p-a@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg; Saint Petersburg

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Results of differential thermal analysis of nanopowder of Gd0.4Sr0.1Co0.5O3 composition obtained by co-crystallization of salts.

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3. Fig. 2. X-ray diffraction patterns of nanopowder (1, 600С) and ceramic sample (2, 1300С) of composition (CeO2)0.85(Nd2O3)0.15 synthesized by co-crystallization of cerium and neodymium salts.

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4. Fig. 3. X-ray diffraction patterns of nanopowder and ceramics of composition Gd0.25Sr0.25Co0.5O3- δ treated at 900 (1) and 1200С (2).

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5. Fig. 4. Microphotographs of ceramics of composition Gd0.25Sr0.25Co0.5O3- after firing at 1200С at magnification of 240× (a) and 2000× (b).

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6. Fig. 5. Temperature dependences of specific electrical conductivity of ceramic samples with ZnO sintering additive of composition (CeO2)1-x(Nd2O3)x, where x = 0.15 (1); 0.10 (2); 0.20 (3); 0.05 (4); 0.25 (5).

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7. Fig. 6. Temperature dependences of specific electrical conductivity of ceramic samples of composition Gd0.25Sr0.25Co0.5O3-δ (1), Gd0.4Sr0.1Co0.5O3-δ with complex additive (2), Gd0.25Sr0.25Co0.5O3-δ without additive (3).

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