Features of the micronutrient composition of the diet in tuberculosis patients affecting

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Abstract

Introduction. The status of polyhypovitaminosis accompanying tuberculosis infection being widespread develops both as a result of the disease and side effects of drugs, and because of insufficient food intake.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the micronutrient composition of the diet of tuberculosis patients in the acute stage and healthy people in a comparative aspect.

Material and Methods. The method of analyzing the frequency of food consumption assessed the actual nutrition of tuberculosis patients in the acute stage (n = 300) and healthy residents of the region (n = 189). Data on the actual nutrition was collected using a standard questionnaire. In tuberculosis patients, nutrition was evaluated in the month preceding hospitalization. The consumption in the main product groups was calculated, the indices of the vitamin and mineral value of the diet were analyzed.

Results. In most patients, the profile of actual consumption was assessed as deficient for several vitamins and trace elements simultaneously. All the examined showed a deficiency in the diet of vitamin D, 80.7 ± 2.3% - vitamin A, 82.0 ± 2.2% - beta-carotene, 90.3 ± 1.7% - folic acid, 63, 7 ± 2.8% of biotin, 45.7 ± 2.8% of ascorbic acid,
49.0 ± 2.8% of vitamin B1, 53.3 ± 2.8% of vitamin PP. Calcium, iodine and selenium are also among the priority ones for the correction of micro- and macro-elements. Differences in the values of actual micronutrient intake were found: in patients with tuberculosis, the levels of beta-carotene, vitamins B2, pantothenic acid, C, D, biotin, choline, calcium, phosphorus are lower; above - consumption of sodium, fluorine, manganese.

Differences in micronutrient ration security are determined by unequal amounts of food groups consumed: the nutrition of tuberculosis patients is lower in terms of the content of fruits, dairy, meat products, eggs, and more bread products and drinks.

Conclusion. The features of the micronutrient composition of the diet of tuberculosis patients, which determine the need for their correction in the organization of medical nutrition, are established.

About the authors

Elena A. Vilms

Omsk State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: wilms26@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0263-044X

MD, Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Epidemiology, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, 644099, Russian Federation.

e-mail: wilms26@yandex.ru

Russian Federation

D. V. Turchaninov

Omsk State Medical University

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6298-4872
Russian Federation

O. A. Pasechnik

Omsk State Medical University

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1144-5243
Russian Federation

T. M. Obukhova

Omsk State Medical University

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3273-6640
Russian Federation

V. G. Demchenko

Omsk State Medical University

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2994-9696
Russian Federation

I. A. Sokhoshko

Omsk State Medical University

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2956-5692
Russian Federation

V. A. Shirinsky

Omsk State Medical University

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4585-0095
Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2024 Vilms E.A., Turchaninov D.V., Pasechnik O.A., Obukhova T.M., Demchenko V.G., Sokhoshko I.A., Shirinsky V.A.


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