The Role of Metabolites of the Phosphoinositide Cycle in the Regulation of Excitation Conditions and Regeneration of Damaged Somatic Nerves under the Action of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1

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Abstract

Changes in the qualitative composition and quantitative content of metabolites of the phosphoinositide cycle have been studied and their participation in the process of excitation conduction along nerve conductors and regeneration of damaged somatic nerves under the action of insulin-like growth factor-1 have been established. It was shown that during nerve excitation there is a decrease in the level of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-diphosphate and an increase in the content of phosphatidylinositol-4-monophosphate and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate, which indicates the intensification of phosphoinositide metabolism under conditions of depolarization of the nerve fiber membrane, and there is also a redistribution of fatty acids in the composition of phosphatidylinositol, diacylglycerol and free fatty acid fractions. Nerve transection is accompanied by accumulation of all forms of phosphoinositides and a decrease in the level of diacylglycerol in both proximal and distal sections of the nerve conductor, apparently as a result of inactivation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C. Against the background of intramuscular injection of insulin-like growth factor-1 at a concentration of 100 ng/kg, intensification of phosphoinositide metabolism, accumulation of diacylglycerol and decrease in the level of free fatty acids were observed. The methods of Raman spectroscopy, registration of action potentials and growth cones revealed the restoration of the physico-chemical state of the lipid bilayer and functional activity in the proximal segment of somatic nerves using insulin-like growth factor-1, which correlates with the data we obtained on the changes in the composition of the lipid fraction of damaged nerve conductors against the background of the drug action. We believe that insulin-like growth factor-1 is one of the factors of axonal regeneration and restoration of functioning of damaged nerve conductors, exerting its effect as a result of activation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling pathways.

About the authors

E. V Chudalkina

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Email: mary.isakina@yandex.ru
Saransk, Russia

M. V Parchaykina

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Saransk, Russia

I. D Molchanov

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Saransk, Russia

E. S Revina

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Saransk, Russia

A. V Zavarykina

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Saransk, Russia

M. A Simakova

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Saransk, Russia

I. P Grunyushkin

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Saransk, Russia

V. V Revin

National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University

Saransk, Russia

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