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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-6508</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1394</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">645367</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RA645367</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LPTGPP</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessment of the effectiveness of continuous erector spinae plane block versus continuous thoracic epidural analgesia following major thoracic surgery</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка эффективности продлённой блокады нервов нейрофасциального пространства мышц, выпрямляющих позвоночник, в сравнении с продлённой эпидуральной анальгезией после обширных торакальных вмешательств</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5332-4613</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9162-8288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Drobotova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроботова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Фёдоровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>katerina.drobotova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-9281</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8850-2071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipin</surname><given-names>Eduard E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипин</surname><given-names>Эдуард Эдуардович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>vard67@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5798-9209</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9740-9109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Svirskii</surname><given-names>Dmitrii A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свирский</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>dsvirskiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5138-3617</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9673-1896</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Paromov</surname><given-names>Konstantin V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паромов</surname><given-names>Константин Валентинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kp-82@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1558-9391</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9120-3931</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>dmitrii_volkov_93@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1912-4252</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5515-8025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bochkareva</surname><given-names>Nadezhda A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочкарёва</surname><given-names>Надежда Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>noirsept@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5768-3859</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9983-0954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Koroleva</surname><given-names>Natalia I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королёва</surname><given-names>Наталия Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>la-reine-soleil@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1267-9781</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2074-3953</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovenko</surname><given-names>Maksim P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковенко</surname><given-names>Максим Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>alter83@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5366-1185</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5221-2081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagoskin</surname><given-names>Nikita S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загоскин</surname><given-names>Никита Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>n_zagoskin@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5461-5552</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3555-7722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogatyreva</surname><given-names>Maria А</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богатырёва</surname><given-names>Мария Александрова</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>marishka11500@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7419-5643</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9934-0351</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladkov</surname><given-names>Kirill A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладков</surname><given-names>Кирилл Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ya.ya-gladkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-0145</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6959-2269</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvezdina</surname><given-names>Yulia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Звездина</surname><given-names>Юлия Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>julia.pawlovskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4375-3374</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2025-8162</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirov</surname><given-names>Mikhail Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киров</surname><given-names>Михаил Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>mikhail_kirov@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северный государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Arkhangelsk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Архангельская областная клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center for Medical and Biological Problems of Human Adaptation in the Arctic, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научный центр медико-биологических исследований адаптации человека в Арктике ФИЦ КНЦ РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Multidisciplinary Center for Pain Management and Rehabilitation “Anesta”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Многопрофильный центр лечения боли и реабилитации «Анеста»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">First City Clinical Hospital named after E.E. Volosevich</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первая городская клиническая больница им. Е.Е. Волосевич</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">First Clinical City Hospital named after E.E. Volosevich</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первая городская клиническая больница им. Е.Е. Волосевич</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pain Management Clinic, Ussuriysk</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника лечения боли, Уссурийск</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-05-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-09"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-18"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/645367">https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/645367</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>Acute postoperative pain results from the physiological response to surgical stress. Without adequate management, it may not only contribute to early negative outcomes but also increase the risk of chronic postoperative pain. Despite numerous studies, the optimal postoperative analgesic strategy in thoracic surgery remains undefined.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To perform a comparative assessment of the analgesic effectiveness of continuous erector spinae plane block as part of multimodal analgesia versus continuous thoracic epidural analgesia within a multimodal pain management protocol in patients undergoing extensive thoracic surgery.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> This prospective randomized study was based on the analysis of analgesia quality and intensity in the early postoperative period in 66 patients who underwent thoracic surgery. Patients received either continuous ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in combination with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and paracetamol, or continuous thoracic epidural analgesia combined with NSAIDs and paracetamol. Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) at rest, during movement, and while coughing at 24 h, 72 h, and postoperative day 7. Vital capacity (VC) and peak expiratory flow were assessed at all stages of the study. The study evaluated the impact of the analgesic techniques on blood levels of C-reactive protein, substance P, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha as indirect markers of analgesic effectiveness.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> On postoperative day 1, VAS scores for pain during movement and coughing were significantly lower in the study group (30 mm) compared to the control group (30 mm during movement and 40 mm during coughing; <italic>p=</italic>0.0004). No significant between-group differences in pain intensity during movement and coughing were found at 72 h or day 7 after operation. No significant between-group differences in inflammatory markers were observed at any time point. VC values decreased to 2.9 L on day 1 in both groups (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.01). By postoperative day 7, VC values returned to baseline in both groups: 3.6 L in the study group and 3.6 L in the control group (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.01).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>Continuous ESPB ensures effective analgesia in the early postoperative period in patients after open thoracic surgery, comparable in efficacy to thoracic epidural analgesia, and may be used as an alternative.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Острая послеоперационная боль формируется в результате физиологического ответа на хирургический стресс, но, кроме ранних патогенетических негативных эффектов, при отсутствии адекватной терапии она может трансформироваться в хроническую послеоперационную боль. Несмотря на большое количество проведённых исследований, оптимальная стратегия послеоперационного обезболивания в торакальной хирургии не определена.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Сравнительная оценка анальгетической эффективности непрерывной блокады нервов нейрофасциального пространства мышц, выпрямляющих позвоночник, как компонента мультимодальной анальгезии и непрерывной эпидуральной блокады на грудном уровне в комплексе мультимодального обезболивания при обширных торакальных операциях.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В основу проспективного рандомизированного исследования положены результаты анализа качества и уровня обезболивания в раннем послеоперационном периоде у 66 пациентов, перенёсших торакальные вмешательства, которым проводилась анальгезия методом продлённой блокады нервов нейрофасциального пространства мышц, выпрямляющих позвоночник (erector spinae muscle plane block — ESPB), под контролем ультразвука в сочетании с нестроидными противовоспалительными препаратами (НСПВП) и парацетамолом, или методом продлённой грудной эпидуральной анальгезии в сочетании с НСПВП и парацетамолом. Исследование включает оценку болевого синдрома по визуально-аналоговой шкале (ВАШ) в покое, при движении и кашле через 24, 72 часа и на седьмые сутки после операции. Оценивали жизненную ёмкость лёгких (ЖЕЛ) и пиковую скорость выдоха на всех этапах исследования. Проведён анализ влияния исследуемых методов на динамику концентрации в крови С-реактивного белка, субстанции Р, интерлейкина-6 и фактора некроза опухоли α как косвенных показателей уровня анальгезии.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> На первые сутки в группе исследования уровень боли по ВАШ при движении и кашле составил 30 мм, в контрольной группе — 30 мм при движении, 40 мм при кашле, что является статистически значимым межгрупповым различием (<italic>p</italic>=0,0004). При анализе показателей выраженности боли в покое, при движении и кашле через 72 часа и на седьмые сутки после операции не было получено межгрупповых различий. При оценке лабораторных показателей статистически значимых межгрупповых различий на всех этапах исследования получено не было. Показатель ЖЕЛ снизился через сутки после операции в обеих группах (2,9 литра, <italic>р</italic> &lt;0,01). К седьмым суткам послеоперационного периода показатели ЖЕЛ вернулись к дооперационным параметрам в обеих группах: 3,6 литра в группе исследования и 3,6 литра в группе сравнения (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,01).</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>ESPB обеспечивает эффективную анальгезию в раннем послеоперационном периоде у пациентов после открытых торакальных вмешательств, сопоставимую с эпидуральной блокадой, и может использоваться как её альтернатива.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>analgesia</kwd><kwd>thoracic epidural analgesia</kwd><kwd>nerve block</kwd><kwd>postoperative pain</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обезболивание</kwd><kwd>грудная эпидуральная анальгезия</kwd><kwd>блокада нервов</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная боль</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-03-2022-071</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Marshall K, McLaughlin K. 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