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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-6508</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1394</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">634534</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RA634534</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Spinal anesthesia as a method of anesthetic support for arthroscopic cruciate ligament reconstruction: a single-center prospective cohort study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Спинальная анестезия как метод анестезиологического обеспечения артроскопической пластики крестообразных связок: одноцентровое проспективное когортное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9554-2942</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7893-4040</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelov</surname><given-names>Danil V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелов</surname><given-names>Данил Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>GorelovD.V@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3453-8699</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1277-9220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovechkin</surname><given-names>Аlexei М.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овечкин</surname><given-names>Алексей Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>ovechkin_alexei@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3072-3237</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2603-9728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Babayants</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаянц</surname><given-names>Андрей Валерьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>babayants@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6353-2552</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5725-6979</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatenko</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатенко</surname><given-names>Ольга Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>ovignatenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Yudin City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница им. С.С. Юдина</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-01-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>323</fpage><lpage>333</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-07-24"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-06"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/634534">https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/634534</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background:</bold><bold> </bold>The annually increasing number of arthroscopic interventions on cruciate ligaments, especially in outpatient settings, necessitates identifying the most rational methods of anesthetic support for such procedures.</p> <p><bold>Aim:</bold><bold> </bold>To evaluate spinal anesthesia (SA) as the method of choice for anesthetic support in arthroscopic cruciate ligament reconstruction.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods:</bold> This single-center prospective cohort study included 52 patients who underwent arthroscopic cruciate ligament reconstruction under SA. Postoperative outcomes were assessed by measuring pain intensity at rest and during movement at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours postoperatively using the visual analog scale (VAS). The need for opioid analgesics, their total dose, time to the first analgesic request, motor block recovery time (Bromage scale to Bromage-1), and time to first ambulation were recorded<bold>.</bold> Intraoperative hemodynamic and pulse oximetry parameters, SA performance time, duration of anesthesia and surgery, total dose of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during hospitalization, complications, adverse anesthesia reactions, and hospital stay duration were also evaluated. Additionally, patient satisfaction with anesthesia and postoperative pain management quality was assessed.</p> <p><bold>Results:</bold> Significant differences in pain levels at rest and during mobilization were observed (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001, R=0.8). A total of 82.6% (<italic>n</italic>=43) of patients required opioid analgesics postoperatively, with 18% (<italic>n</italic>=8) needing administration twice or more. The frequency of opioid use was directly proportional to pain severity (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001, R=0.7). The first request for analgesics occurred, on average, at 178 minutes, with motor block recovery at 134 minutes. First ambulation was recorded, on average, more than 3 hours after surgery.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> Severe postoperative pain, the inability to achieve early mobilization, adverse anesthesia effects, and the transition of arthroscopic procedures to “day surgery” status emphasize the need for alternative anesthesia techniques that overcome SA shortcomings and provide prolonged postoperative pain relief.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Ежегодно увеличивающееся число артроскопических вмешательств на крестообразных связках, в частности амбулаторных, диктует необходимость поиска наиболее рациональных методик анестезиологического обеспечения таких операций.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценить спинальную анестезию (СА) как метод выбора анестезиологического обеспечения при артроскопической пластике крестообразных связок.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В одноцентровое проспективное когортное исследование были включены 52 пациента, которым была выполнена артроскопическая пластика крестообразных связок с применением СА. В послеоперационном периоде оценивали интенсивность болевого синдрома в покое и при движении через 4–8–12–16–20–24 часа после операции, используя визуальную аналоговую шкалу (ВАШ). Регистрировали потребность в назначении опиоидных анальгетиков пациентам и их общую дозировку, а также время до первого запроса на обезболивание, время до восстановления моторного блока по шкале Bromage до уровня Bromage-1 и время до первого подъёма с кровати. Изучали влияние СА на интраоперационный уровень показателей гемодинамики и пульсоксиметрии, оценивали время выполнения СА, продолжительность анестезии и операции, общую дозировку нестероидных противовоспалительных средств за период госпитализации, наличие осложнений и нежелательных реакций анестезии, а также длительность госпитализации. Кроме того, проводили оценку удовлетворённости пациентов анестезией<bold> </bold>и качеством послеоперационного обезболивания.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При оценке степени выраженности болевого синдрома обнаружены значимые различия по уровню боли в покое и при активизации (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001, R=0,8). Установлено, что 82,6% (<italic>n</italic>=43) пациентов потребовалось назначение опиоидных препаратов в послеоперационном периоде, из которых 18% (<italic>n</italic>=8) больных последние назначали 2 и более раз. Частота применения опиоидов была прямо пропорциональна выраженности боли <italic>(p</italic> &lt;0,001, R=0,7). Потребность в первом введении анальгетиков у пациентов возникала в среднем через 178 мин при времени восстановления моторного блока, равного 134 мин. Первый подъём пациента с кровати регистрировали в среднем более чем через 3 ч после окончания операции.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Выраженный болевой синдром, отсутствие возможности ранней вертикализации, наличие нежелательных эффектов анестезии, перевод артроскопических операций в разряд «хирургии одного дня» трактуют необходимость поиска методик анестезии, лишённых недостатков СА и позволяющих добиться продлённого послеоперационного обезболивания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arthroscopic cruciate ligament reconstruction</kwd><kwd>spinal anesthesia</kwd><kwd>postoperative pain</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артроскопическая пластика крестообразных связок</kwd><kwd>спинальная анестезия</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная боль</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sanders TL, Maradit Kremers H, Bryan AJ, et al. 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