<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-6508</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1394</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">36180</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RA36180</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical pharmacology of local anesthetics: classical concepts and new perspectives of applying in intensive therapy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клиническая фармакология местных анестетиков: классические представления и новые перспективы применения в интенсивной терапии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovechkin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овечкин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I. M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL VII, NO3 (2013)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 7, №3 (2013)</issue-title><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-21"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2013, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2013, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2020-10-01"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/36180">https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/36180</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The chemical characteristics and pharmacokinetics of different type of local anesthetics are considered in this overview. It also summarized up-to-date data concerning systemic effects of local anesthetics and potentiality for applying them widely in intensive therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре изложены физико-химические и фармакокинетические свойства местных анестетиков, ответственных за эффективность методов регионарной анестезии, а также подробно рассмотрены все, известные на сегодняшний день, системные эффекты местных анестетиков, позволяющие более широко посмотреть на возможности их применения в интенсивной терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>local anesthetics</kwd><kwd>characteristics of local anesthetics</kwd><kwd>systemic effects of local anesthetics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>местные анестетики</kwd><kwd>свойства местных анестетиков</kwd><kwd>системные эффекты местных анестетиков</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Wright J., Durieux M., Groves D. A brief review of innovative uses for local anesthetics // Curr.Opin.Anesth. 2008; 21: 651656.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Hollmann M., Durieux M. Local anesthetics and the inflammatore response: a new therapeutic indication? // Anesthesiology. 2000; 93: 858-875.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Cassuto J., Sinclair R., Bonderovic M. Anti-inflammatory properties of local anesthetics and their present and potential clinical implications // Acta Anaesth.Scand. 2006; 50: 265-282.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Blumental S., Borgeat A., Pasch T. Ropivacaine decreases inflammation in experimental endotoxin-induced lung injury // Anesthesiology. 2006; 104: 961-969.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Fischer L., Bremer M., Coleman E. Local anesthetics attenuate lysophosphatidic acid-induced priming in human neutrophils // Anesth.Analg., 2001; 92: 1041-1047.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Hollmann M., Gross A., Jelacin N., Durieux M. Local anesthetic effects on priming and activation of human neutrophils // Anesthesiology. 2001; 95: 113-122.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Condiffle A., Kitchen E., Chilvers E. Neutrophil priming: pathophysiological consequences and underlying mechanisms // Clin.Sci. 1998; 94: 461-471.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Herroeder S., Pecher S., Schonherr M. Systemic lidocaine shortens length of hospital stay after colorectal surgery: a double-blinded randomized, placebo-controlled trial // Ann. Surg. 2007; 246: 192-200.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Groudine S., Fisher H., Kaufman R. Intravenous lidocaine speeds the return of bowel function, decreases postoperative pain and shorten hospital stay in patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy // Anesth. Analg. 1998, 86: 235-239.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Kuo S., Jao S., Chen K. Comparison of the effect of thoracic epidural analgesia and i.v. infusion with lidocaine on cytokine response, postoperative pain and bowel function in patients undergoing colonic surgery // Br. J. Anaesth. 2006; 97: 640-646.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Harvey K., Adair J., Ischo M., Robinson R. Can intravenous lidocaine decrease postsurgical ileus and shorten hospital stay in elective bowel surgery: A pilot study and literature review // Am. J. Surg. 2009; 198: 231-236.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Wallin G., Cassuto J., Hogstrom S. Effects of lidocaine infusion on the sympathetic response to abdominal surgery // Anesth. Analg. 1987; 66: 1008-1013.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Kehlet H., Holte K. Review of postoperative ileus // Am. J. Surg. 2001; 182: 3-10.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Kaba A., Laurent S., Detroz B. Intravenous lidocaine infusion facilitates acute rehabilitation after laparoscopic colectomy // Anesthesiology. 2007; 106: 11-18.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Baumann A., Audibert G., Klein O., Mertes P Continuous intravenous lidocaine in the treatment of paralytic ileus due to severe spinal cord injury // Acta Anaesth.Scand. 2009; 53: 128-130.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Williams D., Stark R. Intravenous lidocaine infusion for the treatment of chronic daily headache with substantial medication overuse // Cefalalgia. 2003; 18: 687-694.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Johnson S., Saint-John B., Dine A. Local anesthetics as antimicrobial agents: a review // Surgical Infections. 2008; 9: 205-214.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Audin O., Eyigor M., Aydin N. Antimicrobial activity of ropivacaine and other local anesthetics // Eur. J. Anaesthesiol. 2001; 18: 687-694.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Oda T., Akaike T., Hamamoto T Oxygen radicals in influenza-induced pathogenesis and treatment with piran polymer-conjugated SOD // Science, 1989; 244: 974-976.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Rodrigues A., Araujo R., Pina-Vaz C. Antifungal activity of local anesthetics with other antifungal agents against pathogenic Aspergillus // Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2006; 27: 339-343.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Batai I., Kerenyi M., Falvai J. Bacterial growth in ropivacaine hydrochloride // Anesth.Analg. 2002; 94: 729-731.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>James F., George R., Naiem H. Bacteriologic aspects of epidural analgesia // Anesth.Analg. 1976; 55: 187-190.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Rosenberg P., Renkoven O. Antimicrobial activity of bupivavcaine and morphine // Anesthesiology. 1985; 62: 178-179.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Hodson M., Cajraj R., Scott N. A comparison of antibacterial activity of levobupivavcaine vs bupivavcaine: an in vitro study with bacteria implicated in epidural infections // Anaesthesia. 1999; 54: 699-702.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Pere P., Lindgren L., Vaara M. Poor antibacterial effect of ropivacaine: comparison with bupivacaine // Anesthesiology. 1999; 91: 884-886.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Noda H., Saionji K., Miyazaki T Antibacterial activity of local anesthetics. Masui, 1990; 39; 994-1001.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Sakuragi T., Ishino H., Dan K. Bactericidal activity of clinically used local anesthetics on Staphylococcus aureus // Reg.Anesth. 1996; 21: 239-242.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Gajraj R., Hodson M., Gillespie J. Antibacterial activity of lidocaine in mixtures of diprivan // Br. J. Anaesth. 1998; 81: 444-448.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Sakuragi T., Yanagisawa K., Shirai Y. Growth of Escherichia coli in propofol, lidocaine and mixture of propofol and lidocaine / / Acta Anaesth.Scand. 1999; 43: 476-479. Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли Том VII №3 2013</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Kampe S., Poetter C., Buzello S. Ropivacaine 0,1 % with sufentanil 1 microg/L inhibits in vitro growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and does not promote multiplication of Staphylococcus aureus // Anesth. Analg. 2003; 97: 409-411.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Tamanai-Schakoori Z., Schacorri V., Vo Van J. Sufentanil modifies the antibacterial activity of bupivacaine and ropivacaine // Can. J. Anaesth. 2004; 51: 911-914.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Chandan S., Faoagali J., Wainwright C. Sensitivity of respiratory bacteria to lignocaine // Pathology. 2005; 37: 305-307.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Leung Y., Rawal B. Mechanism of action of tetracaine hydrochloride against Pseudomonas aeruginosae // J. Infect. Dis. 1977; 136: 679-683.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Stratford A., Zoutman D., Davidson J. Effect of lidocaine and epinephrine on Staphylococcus aureus in a guinea pig model of surgical wound infection // Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2002; 110: 1275-1279.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><mixed-citation>Ссghlan M., Davies M., Hoyt S. Antibacterial activity of epidural infusions // Anaesth. Intens. Care. 2009; 37: 66-69.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Batai I., Bogar L., Juhasz V. A comparison of antimicrobial property of lidocaine/prilocaine cream (EMLA) and an alcohol-based disinfectant on intact human skin flora // Anesth. Analg. 2009; 108: 666-668.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Lei B., Cottrell J., Kass I. Neuroprotective effect of low-dose lidocaine in rat model of transient local cerebral ischemia // Anesthesiology. 2001; 95: 445-451.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Lei B., Popp S., Capuano-Waters C. Lidocaine attenuates apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra and reduces infarct size after transient local cerebral ischemia in rats // Neuroscience. 2004; 125: 691-701.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Lei B., Popp S., Capuano-Waters C. Effect of delayed administration of low-dose lidocaine on local transient cerebral ischemia in rats // Anesthesiology. 2002; 97: 1534-1540.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Borgeat A., Aguirre J. Update on local anesthetics // Curr. Opin. Anaesth. 2010; 23: 466-471.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Mitchell S., Pellett O., Gorman D. Cerebral protection by lidocaine during cardiac operations // AnnThorac.Surg. 1999; 67: 1117-1124.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Wang D., Wu X., Li J. The effect of lidocaine on early postoperative cognitive disfunction after coronary artery bypass surgery // Anesth. Analg. 2002; 95: 1134-1145.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><mixed-citation>Mathew J., Mackensen G., Phillips-Bute B. Randomized doubleblinded placebo-controlled study of neuroprotection with lidocaine in cardiac surgery // Stroke. 2009; 40: 880-887.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Albright G. Cardiac arrest following regional anesthesia with etidocaine or bupivacaine // Anesthesiology. 1979; 51: 285-287.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><mixed-citation>Gregorio G., Neal J., Rosenguist R., Weinberg G. Clinical presentation of local anesthetic systemic toxicity. A review of published cases, 1979 to 2009 // Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 2010; 35: 181-187.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><mixed-citation>Maxwell L., Martin L., Yaster M. Bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity in neonates: successful treatment with intravenous phenytoin // Anesthesiology. 1994; 80: 682-686.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><mixed-citation>Marwick P., Levin A., Coetzee A. Recurrence of cardiotoxicity after lipid rescue from bupivacaine-induced cardiac arrest // Anesth. Analg. 2009; 108: 1344-1346.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><mixed-citation>Levsky M., Miller M. Cardiovascular collapse from low dose bupivacaine // Can. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 2005; 12: 240-245.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><mixed-citation>Lee L., Posner K., Cheney F Complications associated with eye blocks and peripheral nerve blocks: an American Society of Anesthesiologists closed claims analyses // Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 2008; 33: 416-422.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
