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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-6508</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1394</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">121361</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RA121361</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">BIS-monitoring as a tool for evaluation regional anesthesia in ophthalmology: pilot study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>BIS-мониторинг как инструмент оценки регионарной анестезии в офтальмологии: пилотное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5801-9594</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5935-5615</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Marova</surname><given-names>Nadezhda G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марова</surname><given-names>Надежда Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>mnsno@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-2390</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>Yaroslav I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Ярослав Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н.</p></bio><email>Yaroslav.Vasilev@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-931X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pismennaia</surname><given-names>Nadezhda V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Письменная</surname><given-names>Надежда Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>team leader</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>руководитель группы анестезиологии и реанимации</p></bio><email>nadyusha.pismennaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinic «Medsi»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника «Медси»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-03-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-11"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-01-30"><day>30</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-04-19"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/121361">https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/121361</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic></bold> General anesthesia in vitreoretinal surgeries may be combined with ophthalmic blocks. Prolonged sub-tenon block (PSB) in extensive surgery ensures the continuous administration of a local anesthetic into the episcleral space; however, its effectiveness has not been evaluated.</p> <p><bold><italic>OBJECTIVE:</italic></bold> To evaluate the effectiveness of sub-tenon block for vitreoretinal surgery in general anesthesia.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS: </italic></bold>The pilot study included 24 patients. All patients underwent retinal detachment surgery under general anesthesia with sevoflurane for &gt;90 min. Patients were randomized into two groups. In group 1, analgesia was induced with intravenous tramadol. In group 2, general anesthesia was combined with sub-tenon block, and 1% lidocaine was used continuously. Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring was employed for anesthesia depth assessment. The mean blood pressure and heart rates were estimated for the evaluation of the oculovisceral reflex block. The Student and Wilcoxon–Bonferroni criterion was used for statistical analysis, and the statistical significance level was set at α=0.05.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> The hemodynamic and consequently the degree of oculovisceral reflexes block had no statistically significant differences between the groups. The median BIS in groups 1 and 2 were 48.1±11.1 U and 42.6±8.2 U, respectively, and the difference between these values was statistically insignificant (<italic>p</italic> &gt;0.05). However, in group 1, the BIS increased sharply during the laser phase. At this stage, the average BIS in groups 1 and 2 were 76.7±3.2 U and 40.4±6.9 U, respectively (<italic>p</italic>=0.001).</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION:</italic></bold> BIS-monitoring can be used as an indicator of the effectiveness of ophthalmic regional blocks in further studies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Обоснование.</italic></bold> Общая анестезия при витреоретинальных операциях может быть дополнена местными блокадами. Продлённая субтеноновая блокада обеспечивает постоянное введение местного анестетика в эписклеральное пространство, но до настоящего времени её эффективность не изучалась.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель.</italic></bold> Оценить эффективность продлённой субтеноновой блокады при витреоретинальных операциях под общей анестезией.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic></bold> В пилотное исследование были включены 24 человека с отслойкой сетчатки. Операции длительностью более 90 мин выполнены под общей анестезией севофлураном. В 1-й группе аналгезия осуществлялась внутривенным введением трамадола, во 2-й была использована ПСБ лидокаином. Эффективность анестезии оценивали на различных этапах операции с помощью BIS-мониторинга (BIS — биспектральный индекс) и показателей гемодинамики (артериального давления, частоты сердечных сокращений). При статистическом анализе использовали критерии Стьюдента и Уилкоксона с поправкой Бонферрони. Различия считали статистически значимыми при <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,05.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты. </italic></bold>Статистической разницы в показателях гемодинамики между группами не обнаружено. Средние значения BIS-индекса в большинстве контрольных точек не различались (<italic>р </italic>&gt;0,05). В 1-й группе BIS-индекс резко повышался при обработке сетчатки лазером, во 2-й группе таких изменений не зафиксировано. Среднее значение BIS-индекса в группе 1 на этом этапе составило 76,7±3,2, в группе 2 — 40,4±6,9 ЕД (<italic>р</italic>=0,001).</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> BIS-мониторинг в дальнейших исследованиях может быть использован как показатель эффективности офтальмологических регионарных блокад.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prolonged sub-tenon block</kwd><kwd>vitreoretinal surgery</kwd><kwd>anesthesia for vitreoretinal surgery</kwd><kwd>local ophthalmic anesthesia</kwd><kwd>BIS-monitoring</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>продлённая субтеноновая блокада</kwd><kwd>анестезия при витреоретинальных операциях</kwd><kwd>местная анестезия в офтальмологии</kwd><kwd>BIS-мониторинг</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Heuven WA, Kiel JW. ROP surgery and ocular circulation. 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