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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Регионарная анестезия и лечение острой боли</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1993-6508</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1394</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">111851</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RA111851</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative characteristics of regional anesthesia methods in thoracic surgery: randomized, prospective, open-label, controlled trial</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительная характеристика методов регионарной анестезии в торакальной хирургии: проспективное открытое рандомизированное контролируемое исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5147-5637</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7406-7687</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhikharev</surname><given-names>Vasiliy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жихарев</surname><given-names>Василий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), senior resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., старший ординатор</p></bio><email>Vasilii290873@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1427-4032</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3640-7080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bushuev</surname><given-names>Alexandr S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бушуев</surname><given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), medical resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-ординатор</p></bio><email>Vasilii290873@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3400-8989</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6101-0578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Koriachkin</surname><given-names>Victor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корячкин</surname><given-names>Виктор Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры</p></bio><email>Vasilii290873@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0572-1395</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2446-5933</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Porkhanov</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Порханов</surname><given-names>Владимир Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of RAS, chief physician, Honored doctor of Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, главный врач, Заслуженный врач РФ</p></bio><email>Vasilii290873@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-5853</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1274-9977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Glushchenko</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глущенко</surname><given-names>Владимир Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, head of scientific department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий научным отделением</p></bio><email>Vasilii290873@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Research Institution – Ochapovsky Regional Clinic Hospital No. 1</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт – Краевая клиническая больница № 1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-01-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-12-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>267</fpage><lpage>278</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-10-12"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-23"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Zhikharev V.A., Bushuev A.S., Koriachkin V.A., Porkhanov V.A., Glushchenko V.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Жихарев В.А., Бушуев А.С., Корячкин В.А., Порханов В.А., Глущенко В.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhikharev V.A., Bushuev A.S., Koriachkin V.A., Porkhanov V.A., Glushchenko V.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жихарев В.А., Бушуев А.С., Корячкин В.А., Порханов В.А., Глущенко В.А.</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/111851">https://rjraap.com/1993-6508/article/view/111851</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>OBJECTIVE:</italic></bold> To compare and analyze the effectiveness of regional anesthesia methods in thoracic surgery.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> A total of 150 patients were examined, 75 each underwent thoracotomy and surgery with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) access. Depending on the type of regional anesthesia, patients were divided into one of these five groups: epidural blockade (EB) group (<italic>n</italic>=30), paravertebral blockade (PVB) group (<italic>n</italic>=30), erector spinae plane (ESP) block group (<italic>n</italic>=30), serratus anterior plane (SAP) block group (<italic>n</italic>=30), and control (group 5, only systemic anesthesia was used, <italic>n</italic>=30). The intensity of postoperative pain syndrome, need for promedol and tramadol, and incidence of atelectasis and hypotension were assessed. The length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) was recorded.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold>: The median pain value during thoracotomy was the lowest in the EB group. In the ESP and SAP block groups, the pain syndrome was more pronounced and corresponded to the median values of the control group. EB and PVB with VATS access had the maximum analgesic effect, and the median values of the pain syndrome during ESP and SAP blocks made it possible to reduce the intensity of the pain syndrome relative to the control group. The EB and PVB groups generally did not require promedol postoperatively. All patients with thoracotomy in the ESP block, SAP block, and control groups used narcotic opioids. With VATS access, in the ESP and SAP block groups and control group, all patients receiving analgesic therapy used a narcotic analgesic. In the control group, FBS was performed more often in absolute terms; however, no significant differences were found (<italic>p</italic>=0.227, χ<sup>2</sup> test). Arterial hypotonia in the EB group was significantly more common than that in patients with other anesthesia types (<italic>p</italic>=0.0164, chi-square test). The control group recorded the highest number of days of patient stay in the ICU (Me [thoracotomy], 3 days; Me [VATS], 2 days). In the control group, only the EB (Me [thoracotomy], 2 days; Me [VATS], 1 day, <italic>p</italic>=0.022, χ2 criterion) and PVB (Me [thoracotomy], 2 days; Me [VATS], 1 day, <italic>p</italic>=0.008, χ<sup>2</sup> criterion) reduced the length of ICU stay.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION:</italic></bold> With thoracotomy, the choice remains between epidural or paravertebral anesthesia. EB more often than others causes arterial hypotension. In VATS access, ESP and SAP blocks can be alternatives to neuraxial methods. During the ESP block, catheterization can reduce pain intensity compared with those without it. EB and PVB can reduce the length of ICU stay.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Цель.</italic></bold> Провести сравнительный анализ эффективности методов регионарной анестезии в торакальной хирургии.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы. </italic></bold>В проспективном открытом рандомизированном контролируемом исследовании обследованы 150 пациентов, которым выполнена лобэктомия, из них 75 человек подверглись торакотомии, а ещё 75 пациентам операция была выполнена видеоассистированным торакоскопическим (ВАТС) доступом. В зависимости от вида регионарной анестезии пациентов распределили на 5 групп: 1-я группа — эпидуральная блокада (ЭБ; <italic>n</italic>=30); 2-я группа — паравертебральная блокада (ПВБ; <italic>n</italic>=30); 3-я группа — блокада <italic>erector spine </italic>plane (ESP-блок; <italic>n</italic>=30), 4-я группа — блокада <italic>serratus anterior </italic>plane (SAP-блок; <italic>n</italic>=30); 5-я группа — контрольная, в которой применяли только системное обезболивание (<italic>n</italic>=30). Оценивали интенсивность послеоперационного болевого синдрома, потребность в промедоле и трамадоле, частоту возникновения ателектазов, артериальной гипотонии. Фиксировали продолжительность пребывания пациентов в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ).</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> Наименьшие значения медианы (Me) болевого значения при торакотомии зарегистрированы у пациентов с ЭБ. У пациентов с ESP- и SAP-блоками болевой синдром был более выражен и соответствовал Me значений группы контроля. ЭБ и ПВБ при ВАТС-доступе обладали максимальным анальгетическим эффектом, а медианы значений болевого синдрома при проведении ESP- и SAP-блоков позволили уменьшить интенсивность болевого синдрома относительно группы контроля. Общая послеоперационная потребность в промедоле отсутствовала у пациентов группы 1 и 2. В группах 3, 4 и контроля наркотические опиоиды применяли у всех пациентов с торакотомией. Пациентам группы контроля фибробронхоскопию в абсолютных значениях выполняли чаще, однако статистически значимых различий не зафиксировано (<italic>p</italic>=0,227, критерий χ<sup>2</sup>). Гипотония в группе ЭБ встречалась чаще, чем у пациентов с другими видами обезболивания (<italic>p</italic>=0,0164, критерий χ<sup>2</sup>). Наибольшее число дней пребывания в ОРИТ зарегистрировано в группе контроля: Me [Торакотомия] — 3 сут, Me [ВАТС] — 2 сут. ЭБ (Me [Торакотомия] — 2 сут, Me [ВАТС] — 1 сут; <italic>p</italic>=0,022, критерий χ<sup>2</sup>) и ПВБ (Me [Торакотомия] — 2 сут, Me [ВАТС] — 1 сут; <italic>p</italic>=0,008, критерий χ<sup>2</sup>) позволили снизить длительность нахождения пациентов в ОРИТ.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> При торакотомии выбор остаётся за эпидуральным или паравертебральным способом анестезии. Эпидуральная блокада чаще других вызывает развитие артериальной гипотонии. В случае ВАТС-доступа ESP- и SAP-блоки могут стать альтернативой нейроаксиальным методам. При проведении ESP-блока катетеризация позволяет снизить интенсивность болевого синдрома по сравнению с пациентами без неё. Использование ЭБ и ПВБ позволяет снизить сроки нахождения пациентов в ОРИТ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thoracic surgery</kwd><kwd>epidural block</kwd><kwd>paravertebral block</kwd><kwd>ESP block</kwd><kwd>SAP block</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>торакальная хирургия</kwd><kwd>эпидуральный блок</kwd><kwd>паравертебральный блок</kwd><kwd>ESP-блок</kwd><kwd>SAP-блок</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marshall K, McLaughlin K. Pain Management in Thoracic Surgery. Thorac Surg Clin. 2020;30(3):339–346. doi: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2020.03.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marshall K., McLaughlin K. Pain Management in Thoracic Surgery // Thorac Surg Clin. 2020. Vol. 30, N 3. 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